Loom.



B. ELSASEH.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 3. 19:5.

Patel lied Mar. 28, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1- Beg/am in 26 as e Willa/wows THE COLUMBM PLANOURAPH 50.. WASHINGTON, D. C.

B. ELSASER.

LOOM. 7 APPLICATION FILED MAR- 3, 1915- 1 176,823, Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co. WA5HFPIGTON, D. c.

nr e ion.

BENJAMIN ELSASER, 0F BOONVILLE, NEW YORK.

LOOM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

Application filed March 3, 1915. Serial No. 11,854.

This invention relates to certain new and -useful mprovements 1n looms, and particularly to a novel and improved combination reed and harness for hand looms designed for household use in weaving rugs and rag carpets, although the invention is not restricted to looms of this special class, as the essential features thereof may be employed generally in any of the loom structures for which they are adapted.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a combination reed and harness which is adapted to dispose and maintain the warp threads in two different sets, and which is adjustable to dispose the threads in proper position for the beating-in action and also for spreading and crossing actions,

the construction being such that the use of an additional or auXiliary'harness-mechanism, as such, is dispensed with and simplicity of structure and action secured.

Another object of-the invention is to provide a combination reed and harness comprising a vertically adjustable frame having reed dents spaced to form said passages for one set of warp threads, whereby said threads maintain a relatively fixed position and are simply guided by the reed and not influenced by the vertical adjustment there of, the dents being themselves provided with other passages for a separate set of warp threads which are adjustable therewith,

receive the woof.

The invention consists of the features of whereby the two sets of warp threads are adapted to be properly disposed above and weaving action to below the plane of the construction, combination and arrangement of parts herein fully described and claimed,

reference being had to the accompanying drawings in .which': a s

Figure 1 is aside elevation of ahand loo-m embodying my invention. Fig.2 is a top plan view of the same. Fig. 3 isa front eleva'tion. Fig, 1 is a vertical transverse sectiononthe line 44: of Fig. 2, looking to- 'ward the combined reed and harness. Fig.

5 is a vertical longitudinal section. Figs. 6, 7

and "8 arejd-iagr-ammatic views showing the.

adjustable as in the present case for the purposes described, is stationary and the adjustment of the warp threads is effected by movements of the cloth beam. In the present structure the cloth beam is journaled in fixed bearings while the reed is vertically adjustable and the claims herein are directed to an organization of this character, the loom structure being otherwise substantially the same, while, as previously stated, theinvention is shown for purposes of illustration as embodied in a hand loom for domestic use in weaving carpets and rag rugs from old clothes and carpets, it is not restricted in this particular, but may be employed in any type of loom structure for which it is adapted.

In carrying my invention into practice, I provide a suitable frame structure 1 mounted upon supporting legs 2, including side bars 3.. The sidebars 3are provided'or carry at the rear of the frame suitable uprights 1, formed with hearing. openings 5 for the warp beam or roll 6 on which the warp threads are wound. In the structure illustrated, this beam is provided with suitable handles 7 whereby it may be turned or rotated in opposite directions. The side bars 3 also carry or are provided with at the front of the frame uprights 8, formed with bearing openings 9 for the cloth beam or roll 10 on which the fabric which is being woven is wound, and to which beam the free'ends of the warp threads are attached for the warp feeding action as the weaving versa, and serve both as motion transmitting elements and tensioning devices, by which the warp is held under the desired tension and the cloth beam is turned in a counter-clockwise direction to wind up the woven fabric instead. WVhen'the beams are moved in a clockwise direction for the bind ing or weaving action, the flexible connections are wound upon the cloth beam and unwound from the warp beam, thus moving the warp threads and partially woven fabric toward thereed for the beating-in or weaving action. In the first-named or counterclockwise motion of the beams, the flexible connections will be wound upon the warp beam and unwound from the cloth beam. thus winding up the partially woven fabric and moving the warp threads forwardly for spreading and crossing operations, in

all of which movements the warp and fabric are held by the connection springs under proper tension. The pulleys 11 and 12 are preferably of stepped construction, each having a plurality of surfaces of different diameters and provided with pins or pegs 15 adapted to be engaged by loops at the ends of the flexible connections, by which such connections may be connected at will with the different surfaces of the pulleys so that the relative speeds of rotation of the beams may be properly varied at different *periods in the weaving of the rug or carpet.

or neutral position will carry with it the threads 2O but will not effect or change the position of the threads 20, the length of the passages 18 permitting the reed frame to be adjusted without influencing the threads 20. WVhen the reed is arranged in a normal or neutral position, the sets of threads 20 and 20 'will be properly disposed for the beatingin of the inserted woof 21, while when the reed frame is adjusted upwardly and downwardly from such normal or neutral position the sets of threads will be crossed and spread, as illustrated particularly in Figs. 6, 7 and '8, for the insertion of the woof threads or f pieces, which may be inserted by meansof a shuttle or in any suitable manner.

Suitablemeans may be provided for raising and lowering the reed, and in the present -instance I- have shown the use of a lever 22 iixed to atrans'v erse shaft23 provided with gear segments 2 1 meshing with rack teeth 25 on carrier brackets 26 movable vertically in guides 27 carried by the side bars 3 and suitably fastened to the reed frame, so that by proper movements of the lever 22 the reed may be raised and lowered for disposal in its three operative positions set forth. The lever is provided with a spring actuated dog 28 to engage notches 29, 30 and 31 of a locking rack by which the extent of motions. of the lever for adjusting the reed to theproper positions is determined and the firm locking of the reed in each of its positions insured. The adjusting or harness mechanism may be operated by hand, foot or other power while the beams are manually controlled, or .all theparts of the loom may be ingearfor automatic action in the application'of the invention to a power loom.

In the operatlon of the loom, assuming the warp threads to be extended between the beams and through the reed as described, it will be understood that the beating-in or pounding action is performed by moving the already woven portion ofthe cloth or carpet against the reed by rotating the beams in a clock-wise direction, whereby the newly introduced woof will be engaged withthe reed and" beaten in. This action is weaving position, as illustrated in Fig. 7,"

and the woof then introduced, after which the read is lowered tocen'tral or normalposition and the introduced-woof woven in, and finally the reed is depressedto the lower and reverse warp thread spreading and crossing position shown in Fig. '8, in whichanother woof thread or strip isinserted and the reed elevatedto normal position and said strip beatenflin, after which thefcycle of operation above described is repeated.

It will be evident from the foregoing descriptionthat by reason of the construction described simplicity is secured, both in the machine structure perse as well as inthe weaving action, since the use of a batten and reed harness mechanism as such is dispensed with, thus'enabling a very simple, andfyet reliable and eflicient type ofloom to be, produced and sold at a comparatively low cost.

In some cases the adjusting mechanism.

reed having two sets ofthreadlpassagesone adapted to permit both vertical and feeding motions of the threads, and the other adapted to permit feeding motion of the threads while holding the same from vertical movement, and means for affecting a relative vertical adjustment between the reed and Warp beam, to adjust the threads to form the shed.

2. In a loom, a warp beam, a cloth or carpet beam, stepped pulleys carried by said beams, flexible connections detachably connected with the pulleys of the beams and including tensioning springs, a reed having two sets of openings, one adapted to permit both vertical adjustment and feeding motion of the threads, and the other adapted to permit feeding motion of the threads while preventing vertical adjustment thereof, and means for efl'ecting a relative adjustment between the reed and warp beam to adjust the threads to form the shed.

3. In a loom, awarp beam, a cloth or carpet beam, pulleys carried by said beams, flexible connections between the beams including tensioning springs, a vertically adjustable reed having elongated vertical passages for a portion of the warp threads and intervening restricted openings for passage of the remainder of the warp threads, and means whereby said reed may be adjusted to difl'erent positions.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

BENJAMIN ELSASER.

Witnesses:

JOHN H. ELsAsER, FAY C. MARTIN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

